37. The custom can be traced back to the roman era.

付小費這種習俗這種風俗可以追溯到古羅馬時代。

38. A more common belief is tips were first given in the 18th century England.

付小費這種習俗源于18世紀的英國。

39. In America and Europe it is customary to tip anywhere from 10% to 20%.

在美國和歐洲，人們普遍的做法是以消費金額的百分之十到百分之二十來付小費的。

40. Today most people decide the size of tip according to the quality of the service.

現在，人們付小費的數量取決于享受的服務質量。

41. People who usually cannot afford it are the biggest tippers in front of their friends.

往往是那些付不起大額小費的人在朋友面前付小費最大方。

42. Many analysts suggest that this added pressure disproportionately touches the women, who already carry major responsibility for their own children.

許多分析家認為，對于那些已經承擔了繁重的養兒育女責任的婦女們來說，這無疑是雪上加霜。

43. Perhaps the most important issue that emerges from the social trends just described is the impact of family instability and single parenting on children.

也許上述社會傾向所產生的最重要的問題是家庭的不穩定性及單親家庭對兒童的影響。

44. When this happens, the government should decrease the salaries of the workers by raising taxes.

當這種情況發生時，政府應該通過增稅來減少工人的工資。

45. While this might appear to be a positive step, it is actually regressive.

盡管這樣做表面上看是一種積極的措施，可實際上卻是消極的。

46. While this law is not without humor by today’s standards, it clearly shows an awareness of the problem in times gone by.

盡管這個法律按當今的標準來看是很滑稽的，但它卻表明很久以前人們就已經估計到這一點了。

47. the motives for suicide can be categorized into areas such as failure, wrath(暴怒), the need for attention, stress, and so on.

人們自殺的原因分類很多，例如失敗，暴怒，需要關注，壓力等。

48. To make the problem even more involved, people will often camouflage(掩蓋)their true feelings, thus causing their friends to disregard problems that should be viewed as serious.

這個問題更為棘手的是，自殺的人往往掩蓋自己的真實情感，結果使周圍的朋友也沒有把需要嚴肅對待的問題當回事兒。