Chinese- English Translation

為了找到實驗室試驗的替代實驗，經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家會密切關(guān)注由歷史提供的自然實驗。例如，當(dāng)中東的一次戰(zhàn)爭中斷了原油供應(yīng)時， 油價在全球范圍內(nèi)狂漲。對于石油及石油產(chǎn)品的消費(fèi)者來說，這樣的一次事件會降低生活水平。 對于經(jīng)濟(jì)決策者來說，它給他們出了一道難題，即如何做出最佳應(yīng)對。但對于經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家來說，它為研究重要自然資源對世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的影響提供了一次機(jī)會， 且這種機(jī)會在戰(zhàn)時的油價飛漲結(jié)束很久依然存在。因此，整本書中，我們會分析很多歷史事件。這些歷史事件值得研究，因為，它們讓我們對舊時的經(jīng)濟(jì)有所了解，更重要的是，因為它們使我們能夠說明和評價當(dāng)今的經(jīng)濟(jì)理論。

【參考翻譯】

To find alternatives to laboratory experiments, economists pay close attention to natural experiments provided by history. When a war in the Middle East disrupted crude supplies, for example, oil prices soared around the world. For consumers of oil and petroleum products, such an event would lower living standards. For economic policymakers, it presents them with a dilemma of how best to respond. But for economists, it offers an opportunity to study the impact of important natural resources on the world economy, and that opportunity persisted long after the wartime surge in oil prices ended. So throughout the book, we're going to analyze a lot of historical events. These historical events are worth studying because they give us a sense of the economy of the past and, more importantly, because they enable us to explain and evaluate the economic theory of the present day.

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